Note! Many sources advocate diaphragmatic breathing exercises, also called belly breathing or abdominal breathing, which can confuse.
Belly breathing exercises are different from habitually belly breathing.
1) Breathing biomechanics during belly breathing exercises is different from breathing biomechanics by habitually belly breathing.
2) A belly breathing exercise is performed periodically and typically lasts for a brief period with little or no effect on habitual breathing biomechanics. By contrast, habitual belly breathing lasts as long as individual lives. (The muscles of respiration never sleep)

The act of inhaling and exhaling (breathing mainly with the belly) with the abdomen results in mostly the abdomen (abdominopelvic cavity) expanding and shrinking during the breathing process. Primarily breathing with the abdomen overstimulates mechanically internal organs in the abdomen. – In this case, the pancreas is mechanically overstimulated and makes an abnormal amount of insulin. (The pancreas is in the abdomen, located between the stomach and back spine).
At the same time, internal organs in the trunk’s upper part are under-stimulated.

Optimal breathing biomechanics is when all muscles in the trunk and the neck are involved in inhalation and exhalation. a) During optimal breathing biomechanics, all trunk cavities expand optimally during inhalation and shrink optimally during exhalation. b) During optimal breathing biomechanics, all internal organs are moving slightly, and, at the same time, during exhalation, they are getting compressed, and during inhalation, they are getting decompressed.

All trunk cavities expand optimally during inhalation and shrink optimally during exhalation during optimal breathing biomechanics.

Mainly, the abdominopelvic cavity expands during the inhalation process by belly breathing (primarily breathing with the abdomen), and it shrinks during exhalation. At the same time, the size of other cavities changes far less than the size of the abdominopelvic cavity.

Breathing, mainly with the abdomen -belly breathing, results in shallow breathing.
1) Shallow breathing is typical in people with obesity.
2) Type 2 diabetes is typical in people with obesity.

Abnormal breathing patterns during sleep in diabetes … ” Five lean type I patients had abnormal sleep-related breathing patterns with central or obstructive sleep apnea and brief breathing irregularities during stages 3 to 4 non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, compared with only 1 overweight type II diabetic with moderate obstructive sleep apnea.”

Mondini S, Guilleminault C. Abnormal breathing patterns during sleep in diabetes. Ann Neurol. 1985 Apr;17(4):391-5. doi: 10.1002/ana.410170415. PMID: 4004160.

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Below are links to the authors’ research work on Type 1 Diabetes from 2004 through 2012.

1. Postural Profile of People with Type 1 Diabetes – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/postural-profile-of-people-with-type-1-diabetes
2. Musculoskeletal Profile of Normal Weight People without and with T1D – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/musculoskeletal-profile-of-normal-weight-people-withou
3. A Link Between Occupation and Type 1 Diabetes – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/a-link-between-occupation-and-type-1-diabetes
4. Weight Loss and Type 1 Diabetes – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/weight-loss-and-type-1-diabetes
5. Obesity and Type 1 Diabetes – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/obesity-and-type-1-diabetes
6. Insulin Therapy and Weight Gain – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/insulin-therapy-and-weight-gain
7. Spontaneous Remission of Type 1 Diabetes – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/spontaneous-remission-of-type-1-diabetes
8. Post-exercise Hypoglycemia – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/post-exercise-hypoglycemia
9. What Stimulates the Pancreas to Work Properly – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/what-stimulates-the-pancreas-to-work-properly
10. Type 1 Diabetes in American Indians, Alaska Natives – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/type-1-diabetes-in-american-indians-and-alaska-natives
11. Chiropractic Pioneering Research into Type 1 Diabetes – https://www.modernscienceofbiomechanics.com/biomechanology-of-type-1-diabetes/chiropractic-pioneering-research-into-type-1-diabetes